AuDHD: the Autism and ADHD Combo
You’ve heard of autism. You’ve heard of ADHD. But have you heard of AuDHD?
This term is a portmanteau of two diagnoses: autism and ADHD, or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The informal term has been picked up by online communities to describe the confluence of these two diagnoses and how they may play into one another. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), autism spectrum disorder is among the conditions that can co-occur with ADHD.
Although autism and ADHD can share certain characteristics, they can also present seemingly opposing tendencies. For example, some autistic individuals find comfort in routines and predictability, while some people with ADHD seek novelty or struggle with repetitive tasks. Someone with AuDHD may experience both tendencies, creating an internal push and pull between wanting structure and craving variety.
AuDHD is not simply "half autism and half ADHD." Each person's experiences are unique, and the characteristics of both conditions can interact in complex ways.
For example, in school, a student with AuDHD might experience hyperactivity during class (ADHD symptom) while also hyperfocusing on their specific interests (autistic trait). This kind of fluctuation may lead to feeling easily distracted or struggle paying attention to lessons. This concurrence of clashing symptoms may cause students to undergo burnout when transitioning throughout the school day.
Understanding these differences can help educators provide individualized support. Clear expectations, visual schedules, movement breaks, and flexible approaches to assignments may help students navigate their learning environments. The most important part of educating students with AuDHD is providing a safe, judgement-free space for them to learn and grow.
Ultimately, understanding AuDHD begins with recognizing that no two students are alike. By focusing on individual strengths, challenges, and support needs, families and educators can help students build confidence, develop skills, and succeed at school and beyond.
If your child is struggling in a traditional school environment, Northstar Academy & Career Center offers a structured, supportive approach designed to meet diverse learning needs.
Ready to learn more? Explore Northstar’s admissions process or schedule a private tour today.
Presentations With Flavor: Building Public Speaking Skills for Students with Disabilities
History class is starting the year strong with a unique project designed to help students build public speaking skills: flavor presentations.
No, these projects do not have to do with food. Instead, the “flavor” comes from Northstar students’ unique interests, personalities, and choices.
The topics for these presentations are entirely up to the student. To prepare, students select a subject, research it, and create a slide deck filled with information and engaging visuals. Slides must be organized and easy to read, with informative images that support the presentation.
“You can do whatever you want to,” said RJ, 10th grade, about the project. He chose to present about professional basketball teams. “I chose my topic because I have loved basketball since I could remember.”
For students in a specialized educational setting, opportunities to practice communication and presentation skills can be an important part of building confidence and independence. Public speaking gives students the chance to practice organizing their thoughts, communicating information clearly, managing timing, and fielding questions from their audience.
"I like them because I get to talk about stuff I normally wouldn't be able to talk about," said junior student Walter.
Student Choice Builds Confidence
When it is time to present, students practice important public speaking skills, including facing the audience, making eye contact, engaging with their peers, and answering questions about their topic. This year’s selection of topics ranged from deep dives into NeeDoh toys to video game worldbuilding mechanics to Franklin’s Lost Expedition of 1845.
“The goal is to learn how to make a good presentation,” explained tenth grader Aiden, who explored the differences between sea otters and river otters. “You have to make sure you make eye contact and that your audience isn’t fidgeting or restless. And you have to make sure you have good pictures."
After each presentation, students also provide positive feedback to their classmates. They point out what presenters did well, complimenting elements such as visual design, preparation, and stage presence.
Public Speaking Practice for Students with Disabilities
The goal is not simply to complete an assignment. These presentations give students with disabilities an opportunity to share their interests while developing communication skills in a supportive classroom environment. Honing these skills early in the school year set students up for success when they give oral presentations about historical subjects later on.
“I think there’s something to be said about watching people talk about things that make them happy,” said Upper School History teacher Mr. DeLancey. “We’d never get this type of presentation if I assigned topics.”
That freedom to choose a meaningful topic is part of what makes flavor presentations so successful. When students can talk about something they genuinely enjoy, they have an opportunity to build confidence while practicing skills that can benefit them in school, the workplace, and everyday life.
When asked about her thoughts on flavor presentations, junior student Kit said it best: “I haven’t even presented mine yet, and I already want to do another one!”
ADHD and School: Understanding How Students Learn and Thrive
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is more than simply being “hyperactive.” It is a neurodevelopmental disorder involving patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that can affect organization, time management, focus, and school performance. ADHD is not a lack of discipline or intelligence—and with the right support from their school, students can build on their strengths and reach their potential.
Understanding the Different Types of ADHD
ADHD can present in three ways: predominantly inattentive, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive, or combined. A student with inattentive ADHD may daydream, lose assignments, struggle with multi-step directions, or have difficulty staying engaged during lectures. Hyperactive-impulsive ADHD may involve restlessness, fidgeting, interrupting, or difficulty waiting. Combined ADHD includes symptoms from both groups.
In school, these differences matter. Instead of expecting every student with ADHD to learn in exactly the same way, an ADHD-friendly school environment can provide structure while allowing appropriate movement, flexibility, and hands-on engagement.
ADHD is common among U.S. children and adolescents. According to CDC data collected during 2020–2022, 11.3% of children ages 5–17 had received an ADHD diagnosis. It can also continue beyond childhood. Many children experience symptoms and impairment during adolescence and into adulthood, making early support and practical strategies especially important.
Recognizing ADHD in the Classroom
ADHD symptoms can appear as difficulty starting assignments, losing materials, missing deadlines, becoming distracted, or struggling to transition between activities. NIMH notes that ADHD can interfere with following instructions, completing schoolwork, organizing tasks, and managing time.
At Northstar, strategies such as movement breaks, flexible seating, bite-sized instruction, and clear visual schedules can help students stay engaged while developing important executive-function skills.
Looking Beyond the Diagnosis
ADHD can continue through adolescence and adulthood, so learning practical strategies early can make a meaningful difference. Students with ADHD may also bring valuable strengths to school, including curiosity, creativity, enthusiasm, and an ability to become deeply engaged with subjects that interest them.
Northstar focuses on building organization, time management, self-advocacy, and other skills students can use both in school and beyond. The goal isn't simply to manage ADHD symptoms—it is to help students discover how they learn best and prepare for future careers.
A School Designed to Help Students Thrive
If your child is struggling in a traditional school environment, Northstar Academy & Career Center offers a structured, supportive approach designed to meet diverse learning needs.
Ready to learn more? Explore Northstar Academy’s admissions process, schedule a private tour, or apply today.
First Day of School Survival Kit
Are you new to Northstar? Nervous about your first day? Whether you are joining us in August or enrolling in the middle of the school year (yes, we do have rolling admissions) here are some handy tips to make your first day a good experience.
1. Dress to impress. Wear something that makes you feel comfortable and confident. Remember that students do not dress out for P.E. class, but should have appropriate, closed-toed footwear. The most updated dress code can be found in our list of downloadable family resources.
2. Prepare to make friends. Come with your best smile and be ready to say hello. During morning arrival, students hang out together in common spaces before class starts. You can use this time to chat and socialize with your peers, relax, and prepare for the day.
3. Know where you’re going. Don’t be afraid to ask for directions or ask for a visual schedule to help you navigate the halls.
4. Get to know your teachers. At Northstar, we create communities in every classroom. Our teachers work hard to build relationships with every student, create a safe learning environment, and ensure a network of academic and social support.
5. Take breaks. Get a drink of water, grab a fidget toy, or go for a lap around the hallway. At Northstar, we understand every student needs different tools for success.
6. Meet your liaison. Every student has a dedicated IEP Liaison assigned to them. These individuals work with public school representatives, teachers, administrators, families, and students. If concerns or challenges arise, students can visit their liaison during the school day.
7. Take a deep breath. It’s okay to feel nervous. Everybody gets first day jitters – even your teachers! Be kind to yourself and celebrate your successes as they come.
8. Be yourself. You have special gifts and unique strengths. We’re glad you’re here, and we like you just the way you are.
Dog Days of Summer School: Northstar and ESY
Did you know Northstar has Summer School?
Each July, we host a three-week educational program here on campus. General course offerings include Writing, Reading, Math, and Social Skills, as well as Specialized Reading. Students can join us for the whole time, or families can choose to enroll for just one or two. Because learning loss, or the “summer slide” can occur during the summer months, this special session aims to help reinforce and retain academic and social skills learned during the school year.
Summer school isn’t limited to currently enrolled K-12 Northstar students; students with disabilities from the general public who meet our basic admissions criteria are also welcome to attend. In fact, summer school is a great way for new families to get to know Northstar in a relaxed, but structured environment. This short session can help families understand how our faculty approach core subjects through the lens of special education.
You may have heard this kind of summer program also be referred to as Extended School Year, or ESY.
ESY is a specific term used by the Virginia Department of Education to describe special education and/or related services that a school provides beyond the typical school year. Determining if a child needs ESY services is part of the IEP writing process. The IEP team, which includes families, teachers, and other professionals, will evaluate if the benefits a child gained during the school year will be significantly jeopardized without ESY.
So which is it? Northstar Summer School, or Northstar ESY? Answer: it’s both!
Northstar’s summer session satisfies the Virginia ESY requirement by providing individualized lessons to meet a student’s unique needs. Some families enroll through their local education agency or school district to receive these necessary services. Regardless of the reason they come, all summer session students learn together in the same core classes.
If your family is looking for a summer program to retain academic skills and engage in social activities, we invite you to explore what Northstar’s summer session can offer. Admission for summer session opens in the spring of each school year.
A Northstar Legacy Lives On
Amongst the pomp and circumstance of student-focused commencement traditions, there is another, lesser known honor to be celebrated.
Every June, Northstar recognizes one person to receive the Pat West Legacy Award. The recipient is a faculty or staff member who has distinguished themselves in support of Northstar’s mission and community. The award acknowledges continued excellence and outstanding service both within and outside the classroom.
Officially created by the Northstar Board of Directors in 2018, this Excellence in Education award is a lasting commemorative to Dr. Patricia West, former Head of School. Dr. West was a lifelong advocate for special education and made a significant impact on Northstar, both the students and staff. She served as Head of School for over 13 years.
During the June graduation ceremony, Northstar secretly invites the recipient’s family to come surprise them in the audience at the moment of the announcement as well as celebrate with the team afterward.
The most special part? Recipients are nominated by their peers. These fellow team members see first-hand how hard nominees work and intimately understand their impact on the Northstar community.
As 2024 award recipient Angela Harper said, “[It’s difficult] to capture how much it means to me to have won the Pat West Legacy Award, because to be selected from such an incredible pool of teachers is such an honor. It's BEYOND an honor. It is truly a joy to work here. Our school is a place of so much support and love for the kids, and to feel it as a faculty member is just overwhelmingly wonderful.”
After Pat West passed away in early 2026, her daughter Jessica and son Jamie presented the award to the ninth winner, Marissa Downs.
"It was a full circle moment for me," said Downs, "Jessica trained me when I first got to Northstar, so it was really special to have her be the one to present it now."
The award continues to honor the dedicated and hardworking faculty and staff. As Northstar grows, Dr. West’s legacy lives on in this special annual tradition.
A Peek Inside the Admissions Process
Every parent who has weighed school options for their child knows the feeling of uncertainty that comes with the school search.
"Is this the right school for my kid?"
"What is the application process like?"
"How does this all work?"
Especially for parents of special needs children, finding the right educational home for your kid can feel daunting. At Northstar, we recognize that many families may have tried different schooling options for their growing child before finding the right fit, and investigating all the options can be emotionally draining. Here is a brief overview of what the admissions process looks like at Northstar and what prospective families can come to expect during the process.
Step One: Inquiry
So, you've heard about a school that might be a good place for your student. After chatting with friends and doing some cursory Googling, you've found the Northstar website. First, fill out this Admissions Inquiry Form. It gives you the opportunity to share more information about your student and your family's situation. All information is 100% confidential.
Once completed, the form gets sent directly to our Director of Admissions, who will reach out to you to talk about how Northstar could serve your student.
Step Two: Tour & Discussion
Come see us! There's nothing quite like strolling across our beautiful 10+ acre campus and stepping into our friendly classrooms in-person. Along with your tour, we'll have an in-depth discussion about your student's unique needs and accommodations. If you'd like, your prospective student is welcome to accompany you for the tour.
Bring your questions, share your story, and let's get to know each other. Our goal is to give you all the information you need to make an informed decision about applying to Northstar.
After this, you'll start the online Admissions Application. This is when you'll submit documentation about your student. This may include an IEP, evaluations, eligibility minutes, 504 plan, notes from doctors, or other relevant information about your student's disability and academic needs. Northstar does not conduct extra standardized tests during the admissions process.
Step Three: Observation
Time to shadow! One you submit the application, we invite your student for their shadow days. For two days, your child will live as a Northstar student. This includes everything from going through the morning arrival car line to walking through a full day's class schedule to eating lunch with their peers.
The benefit of these shadow days is two-fold. First, it allows Northstar faculty a chance to meet your student face-to-face before they enroll. After the shadow days, teachers provide feedback to the Admissions team about your student's unique abilities and their recommendation of acceptance. Northstar. Secondly, these shadow days give your student an opportunity to get a taste of what daily lessons are like, meet new friends, and truly imagine themselves as a Northstar student.
Step Four: Consideration & Discussion
The Admissions Committee reviews all documentation, including all application materials as well as teacher feedback from the shadow days. We carefully consider each application and keep families updated throughout the decision process. This process typically takes a couple of weeks.
We offer year-round rolling admissions, which allows students to join our school at any time during the school year, space permitting.
Step Five: Enrollment
Celebrate! After you're notified of your student's acceptance, you may apply for need-based financial aid through the FACTS system. We contact you to discuss your student’s enrollment details, sign an enrollment contract, and set a start date. We are always thrilled to welcome new students to Northstar and help them feel settled in their new educational home.
At Northstar, we understand that school admissions procedures can be overwhelming in the best of circumstances. If you have any questions, big or small, about our programs and enrollment process, please reach out!
Click here to schedule a time to chat with us and start your journey with Northstar today.
Future Special Educators Learn the Ropes at Northstar
For the last 15 weeks, Northstar has had a special visitor on campus. Meredith Missana, a junior studying Exceptional Education at Randolph-Macon College in Ashland, Virginia, has spent two full days each week interning in Physical Education/Health classes as part of her semester-long placement.
The goal of the internship is to give EXED students the opportunity to collaborate with seasoned host teachers. During their time on ease into a leadership role by gradually taking on more responsibility in the classroom. Experiences like this not only prepare future educators, but also reinforce why Northstar stands out among today’s leading special needs schools.
What began with observing and assisting soon grew into independently working with students, adapting activities, and collaborating closely with her host teacher. Through Northstar’s supportive environment and small class sizes, Meredith was able to build meaningful connections with students while learning how individualized instruction helps every child succeed.
“It’s been amazing,” Meredith shared about her experience. “The coolest part has been seeing the different ways these activities can be adapted depending on what each student needs.”
While Meredith had done field placements in classrooms before, including both general education and special education classes, this was her first time teaching in a gym. As a lifelong athlete and a volunteer of the Arc of Northwest Mississippi’s programs, she dove right in.
“She’s adapted really well," said PE teacher MacKenzie Pigg, who is currently pursuing her doctorate in Kinesiology for Individuals with Disabilities from the University of Virginia. “She walked in every morning with a smile and a can-do attitude. After a couple weeks, I was able to step back and trust that she had it.”
"I have some new ideas to bring back with me to Mississippi this summer," Meredith commented. Next year, she plans to do more fieldwork placements by completing her student teaching. Her eventual goal is to be a special education teacher.
For many college students pursuing careers in special education, opportunities like this are invaluable. Northstar provides future educators with real-world experience in a setting that mirrors a traditional academic environment while still offering accommodations for varying ability levels. Students learn in classrooms, participate in electives, and engage in school traditions, all while receiving individualized support tailored to their unique needs.
As one of Central Virginia's innovative special needs schools, Northstar also serves as a model for colleges and universities preparing the next generation of educators. By opening its doors to interns and student teachers, Northstar demonstrates what inclusive, student-centered education can look like in practice.
The students noticed her impact, too.
“I'll miss her. I like how kind Ms. Missana is,” said seventh grader Amyra.
Another student, Max, summed it up simply: “I’d give her an A!”
What Is Autism? Understanding Autism Spectrum Disorder in Special Education
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurological and developmental condition that affects communication, behavior, learning, and social interaction. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), autism affects millions of children and adults across the United States and occurs in every racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic group.
The word “spectrum” is important because autism looks different in every individual. Some students may be highly verbal and academically advanced, while others may need significant communication or sensory support. No two students with autism are exactly alike, which is why personalized special education programs are essential.
At Northstar, we believe autism does not define a student’s potential. Approximately 40% of our students have a primary diagnosis of ASD. With the right structure, support, and encouragement, students on the autism spectrum can thrive academically, socially, and professionally.
Understanding the Autism Spectrum
Autism has historically been categorized into several presentations, including Classic Autism, Asperger Syndrome, and PDD-NOS (Pervasive Developmental Disorder–Not Otherwise Specified). Today, these diagnoses are generally grouped under the broader term Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Students with autism may experience challenges with:
- Social interaction and communication
- Reading social cues or maintaining eye contact
- Delayed speech or language development
- Repetitive behaviors or routines
- Sensory sensitivities to sounds, lights, or textures
Some students prefer independent work, while others thrive with guided collaboration and structured routines. In a specialized special education environment, these differences are understood and supported rather than punished or misunderstood.
Creating a Sensory-Friendly Learning Environment
For many students with autism, traditional classrooms can feel overwhelming. Loud noises, changing schedules, and social pressure may increase anxiety and impact learning.
That is why Northstar provides a sensory-friendly and pressure-free academic environment designed specifically for students with diverse learning needs. Our educators meet students where they are cognitively, socially, and emotionally. Through individualized instruction, predictable routines, and compassionate support, students gain confidence in the classroom and beyond.
Research from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) explains that autism affects brain development related to communication and behavior, but early support and intervention can improve outcomes significantly.
Autism by the Numbers
Autism prevalence has increased in recent years as awareness and diagnostic access improve. Current CDC data estimates that approximately 1 in 31 children in the United States has been identified with autism spectrum disorder. ASD is also reported to occur in all racial and ethnic groups.
The CDC also reports that autism is more commonly diagnosed in boys than girls, although researchers increasingly recognize that girls may be underdiagnosed due to differences in how symptoms present.
These statistics highlight the growing importance of high-quality autism support and specialized education programs for students and families.
Beyond the Diagnosis: Preparing Students for Life
At Northstar , we focus on more than academics. We help students build independence and confidence. It is essential students practice skills that build career readiness and give them the tools to succeed beyond K-12 education.
Many individuals with autism develop deep interests and exceptional attention to detail. Through vocational training, certifications, and career-focused learning, students can transform those strengths into meaningful professional skills.
We also understand that families often juggle therapies, appointments, and educational decisions while advocating for their student’s future. Northstar keeps communication with families open to ensure students receive the support they need to succeed both in school and in life.
Discover the Right Special Education Environment
Every student deserves a learning environment that celebrates their unique strengths.
At Northstar, we specialize in supporting students with autism through structured classrooms, sensory-aware spaces, individualized instruction, and career-focused opportunities.
If you are searching for a special education school that understands autism and believes in your student’s potential, we invite you to connect with our team.
See if Northstar is the right place for your student. Schedule a tour or apply to Northstar today!
Minimester, a Special Northstar Tradition
Variety is the spice of life — and at Northstar, nothing captures that spirit quite like Minimester. This beloved annual tradition gives students a chance to step away from their usual routines and dive into something new and exciting. Designed with every learner in mind, Minimester reflects Northstar’s commitment to creating enriching experiences for students.
Each year, both teachers and students eagerly anticipate this unique week, which takes place just before Spring Break. During Minimester, traditional classroom instruction pauses as students explore a wide range of enrichment activities. What makes this program especially meaningful is that the classes are created and led by Northstar faculty, who share topics they are personally passionate about. From creative pursuits to physical activities, there’s something for everyone.
The 2026 Minimester offerings included exciting topic such as an introduction to Arabic, Dungeons & Dragons, physical fitness/yoga, puzzle-solving, and more. Classes fill quickly and are offered on a first-come, first-served basis, which adds to the buzz and anticipation leading up to the week. Under the guidance of their teachers, students are encouraged to try new things, collaborate with peers, and build confidence in a fun, low-pressure setting.
"I took pictures of the different classes doing different stuff so they were documented for the yearbook," said Hamza, 10th grade. When not snapping photos, he hung out in the "Grilling and Chilling" class, where students practiced grilling techniques for different cuts of meats, such as chicken breasts, salmon fillets, and hot dogs.
But the fun is not limited to campus - Minimester often includes field trips. This year, Upper School History teacher Mr. DeLancey led a "Out and About in Richmond," which explored several of the city's various beautiful and historical locations.
"I liked going to Belle Isle," said JT, 11th grade, "I'd never got to go on the dry rocks before."
"My favorite part was seeing all the interesting things at Hollywood Cemetery, like seeing the presidents' graves," said 10th grader Gabe, referencing the two interred US presidents, Tyler and Monroe, at the site.
Minimester is more than just a break from routine. It’s an opportunity to foster curiosity in a new environment and grow during nontraditional instruction. Students not only learn new skills but also strengthen connections with classmates and staff.
With its ever-changing lineup of classes and focus on exploration, Minimester continues to be a highlight of the Northstar calendar and an inspiring reminder that learning can happen anywhere.